Предлоги места и времени упражнения. Английские предлоги. Где мальчики
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Упражнение 1.
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя предлоги on , in , at , to , into .
1. Идите к доске.
2. Напишите число на доске.
3. Повесьте картину на доску.
4. Она налила в вазу воды и поставила в нее цветы. Потом она пошла к окну и поставила вазу на подоконник.
5. Учитель стоит у доски. Он пишет на доске предложение. Ученики сидят за партами. Они пишут это предложение в своих тетрадях.
6. Ник вошел в кухню и сел за стол. Мама стояла у плиты. Она подошла к столу, поставила на стол чашку и налила в чашку чаю.
7. Мы собрали в лесу много грибов.
8. Маша открыла дверь и вошла в дом. В доме никого не было. Медведи были в лесу. В комнате Маша увидела стол. Она подошла к столу. На столе она увидела три тарелки.
9. Катя была в комнате. Она стояла у книжного шкафа.
10. На полу лежал толстый ковер. Дети сели на ковер и начали играть.
11. Где мальчики? - Они играют во дворе.
12. Сейчас зима. На земле лежит снег. На реке лед.
13. Она подошла к доске, взяла мел и начала писать на ней (на доске).
14. Масло на столе. Поставь его в холодильник. А теперь садись за стол. В этом стакане сок. Выпей его и поставь стакан в раковину. Я вымою его позже.
15. Где твоя ручка? - Она в (моем) кармане. 16. Положи в карман платок.
17. Он прыгнул в реку и быстро поплыл к острову.
Ответы:
1. Go to the blackboard.
1. Go to the blackboard.
2. Write the date on the blackboard.
3. Hang the picture on the blackboard.
4. She poured some water into the vase and put the flowers into it. Then she went to the window and put the vase on the windowsill.
5. The teacher is standing at the blackboard. He is writing a sentence on the blackboard. The pupils are sitting at the desks. They are writing this sentence in their exercise books.
6. Nick went into the kitchen and sat down at the table. His mother was standing at the stove. She went up to the table, put a cup on the table and poured some tea into the cup.
7. We gathered a lot of mushrooms in the wood.
8. Masha opened the door and went into the house. There was nobody in the house: the bears were in the woods. In the room Masha saw a table. She went up to the table. On the table she saw three plates.
9. Kate was in the room. She was standing at the bookcase.
10. There was a thick carpet on the floor. The children sat down on the carpet and began playing.
11. Where are the boys? - They are playing in the yard.
12. It is winter now. There is snow on the ground. There is ice on the river.
13. She went up to the blackboard, took the chalk and began writing on the blackboard.
14. The butter is on the table. Put it in the fridge. And now sit down at the table. There is (some) juice in this glass. Drink it and just put the glass in the sink. I’ ll wash it later.
15. Where is your pen? - It is in my pocket.
16. Put a handkerchief into your pocket.
17. He jumped into the river and quickly swam to the island.
Упражнение 2.
Вставьте предлоги on , in или into .
1. Where is the book? - It is … the table. 2. Where is the tea? - It is … the cup. 3. Put the plates … the table. 4. Put the book … the bag. 5. There is a beautiful picture … the wall. 6. He went … the room. 7. I like to sit … the sofa … my room. 8. Mother is cooking dinner … the kitchen. 9. She went … the room and sat down … the sofa. 10. There are many people … the park today. 11. There is a girl standing … the bridge. Why is she crying? - She has dropped her doll … the water. 12. There is no tea … my cup. 13. Pour some tea … my cup. 14. Put these flowers … the window-sill. 15. I saw many people … the platform waiting for the train. 16. We went … the garden and sat down … a bench. 17. The teacher hung a picture … the blackboard. 18. I opened the door and went … the classroom. The teacher was writing some words … the blackboard. The pupils were writing these words … their exercise-books. There were some books and pens … the teacher’s table. There were two maps … the wall and some flowers … the window-sills. I saw a pen … the floor. I picked it up and put it … the table. 19. He put his hand … his pocket, took out a letter and dropped it … the mail-box which hung … the wall of the house. Then he got … his car and drove off.
Ответы:
1. Where is the book? - It is on the table. 2. Where is the tea? - It is in the cup. 3. Put the plates on the table. 4. Put the book into the bag. 5. There is a beautiful picture on the wall. 6. He went into the room. 7. I like to sit on the sofa in my room. 8. Mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen. 9. She went into the room and sat down on the sofa. 10. There are many people in the park today. 11. There is a girl standing on the bridge. Why is she crying? - She has dropped her doll into the water. 12. There is no tea in my cup. 13. Pour some tea into my cup. 14. Put these flowers on the window-sill. 15. I saw many people on the platform waiting for the train. 16. We went into the garden and sat down on a bench. 17. The teacher hung a picture on the blackboard. 18. I opened the door and went into the classroom. The teacher was writing some words on the blackboard. The pupils were writing these words in their exercise-books. There were some books and pens on the teacher’s table. There were two maps on the wall and some flowers on the window-sills. I saw a pen on the floor. I picked it up and put it on the table. 19. He put his hand into his pocket, took out a letter and dropped it into the mail-box which hung on the wall of the house. Then he got into his car and drove off.
Упражнение 3.
Переведите на английский.
1. Мертвое море находится ниже уровня моря.
2. Мы пролетаем над Сахарой.
3. Павел сидел напротив Фионы и смотрел на нее.
4. Девушка стояла под деревом, шел сильный дождь.
5. Кто этот человек, который сидит рядом с Мэри?
6. Здесь есть телефон? - Да, у двери.
7. Мне расписаться (sign) на строке, над строкой или под ней?
8. Остановка автобуса за углом.
9. Перед театром красивый фонтан.
10. Врач склонился (bend) над больным.
11. Судья (referee) встал между сражающимися (fight) боксерами и остановил поединок.
12. Бабушка разделила пирог между детьми.
13. Телеграфные провода (wire) над улицами выглядят очень некрасиво (ugly).
14. Рядом со мной свободное место, сядь рядом со мной.
15. Кинотеатр прямо напротив остановки автобуса, рядом с кафе.
16. Я плохо видела, так как передо мной сидел высокий человек.
17. Вместо того, чтобы держать деньги (keep) в банке, моя бабушка прячет их под ковром в спальне.
18. А свои драгоценности (jewelry) она прячет в шкатулке (casket) за шкафом.
Ответы:
2. We flew over the Sahara.
1 .The Dead Sea is below sea level.
2. We flew over the Sahara.
3. Paul was sitting opposite Feona and looked at her.
4. The girl was standing under a tree, it was raining hard.
5. Who is the man, sitting next to Mary?
6. Is there a public telephone? - Yes, there is one by the door.
7. Shall I sign on, above or below the line?
8. The busstop is round the corner.
9. There is a beautiful fountain in front of the theatre.
10. The doctor bent over the patient.
11. The referee stood between the fighting boxers and stopped the fight.
12. The grandmother divided the pie among the children.
13. The telegraph wires over the streets look so ugly.
14. There is a free seat beside me, sit next to me / beside me.
15. The cinema is just opposite the busstop next to the cafe.
16. I couldn’t see very well because a tall young man was sitting in front of me.
17. Instead of keeping her money in the bank my grandmother hides it under the carpet.
18. And she keeps her jewelry in a casket behind the wardrobe.
Упражнение 4.
Выберите правильный предлог.
at, in, on
1. There is someone *** the door.
2. I sat down *** the sofa.
3. They live *** Coronation street *** number 32.
4. Meet me *** the bus-stop *** the end of Bristol Road.
5. My book is *** the table *** the sitting room.
6. When I was *** Spain it was terribly hot.
7. I’ve applied for a job *** the United Nation *** Geneva.
8. Oxford is *** the A34 (road) between Bermingham and London.
9. There was a note *** the table. It was from Elsie. She had signed her name *** the bottom.
10. Hello. This is Doris. Jim *** Athens *** the Acropolis Hotel.
11. There is a good film *** the cinema.
12. It was very cold *** the cinema.
13. I’ll see you *** Fred’s house.
14. When we were *** the south we stayed *** a small hotel *** the coast.
15. We had a busy day *** the shop.
16. I had to return as I had forgotten to switch off the light *** the shop.
17. Jack lives *** a flat *** Park street *** the third floor.
18. I had a seat *** the front row.
Ответы:
2. I sat down on the sofa.
the bottom.
the coast.
1. There is someone at the door.
2. I sat down on the sofa.
3. They live in Coronation street at number 32.
4. Meet me at the bus-stop at the end of Bristol Road.
5. My book is on the table in the sitting room.
6. When I was in Spain it was terribly hot.
7. I’ve applied for a job at the United Nation in Geneva.
8. Oxford is on the A34 (road) between Bermingham and London.
9. There was a note on the table. It was from Elsie. She had signed her name at the bottom.
10. Hello. This is Doris. Jim in Athens at the Acropolis Hotel.
11. There is a good film at the cinema.
12. It was very cold in the cinema.
13. I’ll see you at Fred’s house.
14. When we were in the south we stayed at a small hotel on the coast.
15. We had a busy day at the shop.
16. I had to return as I had forgotten to switch off the light in the shop.
17. Jack lives in a flat in Park street on the third floor.
18. I had a seat on the front row.
Упражнение 5.
Подставьте правильный предлог:
1. She looks just (against, like, as) your mother.
2. I hope to work (against, like, as) a tour guide overseas.
3. He turned his face (towards, as, beyond) the door.
4. We can see the castle (beyond, against, in) the lake.
5. Are you (on, for, like) or (towards, against, behind) the plan?
6. I met Kate (near, till, within) the station.
7. Do I have to get (near, off, within) at the next station?
8. The museum is (within, near, at) walking distance.
9. He went out (within, without, off) an umbrella.
10. It’s been raining (within, since, in) last night.
11. I sat up (till, to, near) three this morning.
12. Are there any shop (around, across, along) here?
13. It’ll be a secret just (among, between, within) you and me.
14. She is (between, among, except) the most famous pianists in Europe.
15. The dog walked (above, across, among) the road.
16. I lived in London (during, in, at) the winter.
17. It’s ten degrees (under, over, below) zero.
18. I ordered a drink (over, above, in) ten minutes ago.
Ответы:
1. like 2. as 3. towards 4. beyond 5. for, against 6. near 7. off 8. within 9. without 10. since 11. till 12. around 13. between 14. among 15. across 16. during 17. below 18. over
1. Выберите подходящий предлог и переведите текст.
I can see a boy … (in/on/at) the picture. The boy is sitting … (on/at/in front of) the table. His feet are … (in/on/at) the floor … (at/under/beside) the table. He is sitting … (in/on/at) the chair. There is another chair … (under/opposite/above) the boy. The bookcase is … (in/on/at) the right. The boy is holding a pen … (on/at/in) his hand. There is a laptop, a phone and a book … (between/on/at) the table.
2. Найдите к английским предлогам из первой колонки русские аналоги из второй.
1. on a) напротив
2. in b) снаружи, вне
3. near/next to с) под
4. between d) на
5. under e) перед
6. above f) рядом, около
7. opposite g) внутри
8. in front of h) в
9. inside i) над
10. outside j) между
3. Переведите описание расположения зданий на улице, обращая внимание на предлоги места.
1. Ресторан находится позади супермаркета.
2. Школа находится между аптекой и книжным магазином.
3. Салон красоты находится напротив парка.
4. Стоянка находится справа от больницы, перед детским садом.
5. Банк находится рядом с библиотекой, слева от театра.
4. Выберите верный вариант предлога.
1. The bedroom is … (in/next to/on) the bathroom … (in/next to/on) the second floor.
2. The basement is … (in front of/under/above) the house.
3. The mirror is … (under/above/in) the washing-machine.
4. The table is … (in/on/between) the dining-room.
5. The sofa is … (above/inside/near) the window.
7. I stayed … (in/at/near) home last weekend.
8. My car is … (inside/outside/between) the house and the shop.
9. The models are … (opposite/inside/between) the camera.
10. The paintings are … (on/inside/outside) the gallery.
Ответы:
1.
in – at – on – under – on – opposite – on – in – on.
Я вижу мальчика на картинке. Мальчик сидит за столом. Его ноги находятся на полу, под столом. Он сидит на стуле. Напротив мальчика стоит еще один стул. Книжный шкаф находится справа. Мальчик держит ручку в руке. На столе лежат ноутбук, телефон и книга.
2.
1 – d, 2 – h, 3 – f, 4 – j, 5 – c, 6 – i, 7 – a, 8 – e, 9 – g, 10 – b.
3.
1. The restaurant is behind the supermarket.
2. The school is between the chemist’s and the bookstore.
3. The beauty salon is opposite the park.
4. The parking is to the right of the hospital, in front of the kindergarten.
5. The bank is next to the library, to the left of the theatre.
4.
1. next to – on (Спальня находится рядом с ванной на втором этаже.)
2. under (Подвал находится под домом.)
3. above (Зеркало висит над стиральной машиной.)
4. in (Стол стоит в столовой.)
5. near (Диван стоит у окна.)
6. at (Джулия в школе сейчас.)
7. at (Я остался дома в прошлые выходные.)
8. between (Моя машина стоит между домом и магазином.)
9. opposite (Модели стоят напротив камеры.)
10. inside (Картины находятся внутри галереи.)
Предлоги – это одна из тем, которую невозможно осилить за один присест, а потом заниматься просто тренировкой. Именно в предлогах ярко проявляется разница между нашими языками, а это значит и разница между народами. Поэтому любой предлог имеет множество трактований и однозначного перевода не будет. Тупо зазубрить все варианты – плохая идея. В этом случае поможет только логическое объяснение, понимание и режим ежедневности. Вовсе необязательно находить особое время для учебы, то есть садиться за стол и что-то писать или читать правила. Предлоги места, о которых идет речь, это слова которые определяют местоположение всего, что существует на Земле в пространстве. Вот и все. Оглянувшись по сторонам, можно увидеть, что все находится по местам, и всегда можно задать вопрос “ГДЕ ЭТО НАХОДИТСЯ?”. Где бы вы ни находились, предлоги “окружают” вас со всех сторон. Вот и определяйте местоположения всего, что вы видите английскими предлогами, и, конечно же теми, которые вы хорошо уяснили, постепенно усложняя задачу.
В предыдущем сообщении я написала несколько предложений, в которых была такая же задача – определить местоположение кого-нибудь или чего-нибудь с помощью английских предлогов. Совсем немного усложним задачу: в предложениях, которые я напишу, необходимо в пропусках расставить нужные предлоги, ну и соответственно перевести предложения на родной язык. Вы можете проверить себя по ответам, которые я напечатаю рядом с предложениями.
1.The children are playing … the garden. (in).
2. Yesterday I saw a friend of mine standing … the bus station. (at).
3.My brother is a student. He is … University. (at).
4. There are a lot of books … the library. (in).
5. We heard a bird singing … the tree. (in).
6. You can see a river and a forest … the picture. (in).
7. Don’t write this exercise. Do it … home. (at).
8. There are a lot of clouds … the sky. (in).
9. Take your book and open it … page 10, please. (on).
10.The pupils are writing words … their copy-books. (in).
11. The teacher often stands … the blackboard. (at).
12. In most countries people drive … the right. (on).
13. I usually buy a newspaper … my way to work. (on).
14. It can be dangerous when children play football .. the street. (in).
15. I didn’t see you .. the party on Saturday. Where were you? (at).
16. Our flat … the second floor of the building. (on).
17. There is a dirty mark .. your nose. (on).
18. Jack’s house is the white one … the end of the street. (at).
19. The man the police are looking for has a scar… his right cheek. (on).
20. Paris }
